Soil pollution constitutes one of the main threats to the health of ecosystems in Europe. There are about 2.8 million sites potentially contaminated, with 650 000 of them being identified as requiring remediation; among them, only 15% have been treated. Recent estimates found that mineral oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also commonly referred to as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs), amount to around 35% of all contaminants present in European soil. Soil remediation technologies currently available to tackle organic contaminants mainly consist of landfilling, physicochemical treatments (thermal desorption), and conventional bioremediation. The first two solutions constitute costly and energy-intensive approaches. Landfilling only consists of displacing untreated polluted soil to confinement. Thermal treatment has the clear advantage of being a short time process, but is highly energy consuming, leading to significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, it results in the generation of a “dead” – albeit cleaner – soil. Conversely, bioremediation can be performed on-site on excavated soil arranged in biopiles. These biopiles are engineered to stimulate either indigenous or allochthonous bacterial activity and to boost biodegradable metabolism, thus ensuring the breakdown of organic pollutants. This remediation technology is the most environmentally-friendly solution available on the market, as it is less energy-intensive and has no detrimental impact on soil functions. However, its major limitation is the low removal efficiency of long-chained TPHs: while thermal desorption has removal rates over 99%, bioremediation percentages might be as low as 20% for weathered TPHs. Mycoremediation can be an alternative that retains the benefits of current bioremediation techniques while significantly increasing the removal efficiency. However, it is a technology so far studied only at lab- and bench-scale. ... for more info please visit https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/life/publicWebsite/project/details/5591